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It can capture homework, projects, class participation, writing, practical work, and improvement over time, rather than relying on a single timed performance that may reflect stress or momentary readiness more than actual understanding.
One-off exams can disproportionately affect anxious students, students with test-taking difficulties, or students facing temporary illness or disruption. Spreading assessment across the year can make outcomes less dependent on a single bad day.
If assessment is ongoing, students may be more likely to keep up with work, revise regularly, and focus on mastery rather than cramming for an exam. That can support long-term retention and better habits.
Some important outcomes are difficult to test well under exam conditions, including extended research, collaboration, creativity, oral communication, and practical competence. Continuous assessment can align evaluation more closely with these goals.
Students who are disadvantaged by timed written tests, language barriers, or certain disabilities may perform better when they can demonstrate knowledge through multiple formats over time.